目的:了解抑郁患者的依恋关系和人际信任现状,探究人际信任在依恋关系和抑郁间的中介作用。方法:收集2019年10月至2022年3月就诊于上海市精神卫生中心咨询门诊抑郁患者(抑郁组)149例,同期招募健康对照组114名。采用亲密关系体验问卷修订版(experiences in close relationship-revised, ECR-R)、信任量表(trust scale)、信任游戏(trust game)分别测量依恋关系、人际信任态度和人际信任行为,使用汉密尔顿抑郁(Hamilton depression scale, HAMD-17)评估抑郁症状。结果:抑郁组的信任量表、信任投资游戏评分均低于对照组(P均<0.05),依恋焦虑和依恋回避评分均高于健康对照组(P均<0.001)。Pearson相关分析显示,依恋关系、信任问卷和信任投资游戏评分均与抑郁分数存在显著相关(P均<0.05)。依恋关系通过人际信任态度和行为预测抑郁的间接效应分别为0.112和0.032,分别占总效应的20.14%和5.76%。结论:依恋关系可直接或间接预测抑郁,人际信任态度和行为在依恋关系和抑郁间起部分中介作用。
母胎依恋是指母亲对腹中未出生胎儿的依恋,是连接母亲与胎儿的纽带。目前国外对于母胎依恋的研究相对比较成熟,而我国对于母胎依恋的研究尚处于起步状态,近年来有越来越多的学者关注到这一领域。本文将主要从母胎依恋的相关概念、测评工具、影响因素以及对母婴健康的影响进行简要介绍,为临床医务人员早发现、早干预母胎依恋水平较低的孕妇提供依据,加强产前教育,提高孕妇、胎儿以及儿童的健康水平。Maternal attachment refers to the mother’s attachment to the unborn fetus in the abdomen, which is the link between the mother and the fetus. At present, the research on maternal and fetal attachment in foreign countries is relatively mature, but in our country, the research on maternal and fetal attachment is still in its infancy. In recent years, more and more scholars pay attention to this field. Therefore, this paper will briefly introduce the related concepts, assessment tools, influencing factors and the impact on maternal and infant health, hoping to provide evidence for early detection and intervention of pregnant women with low maternal and fetal attachment level for clinical medical personnel, strengthen prenatal education, and improve the health level of pregnant women, fetuses and children.
