The effect of hexadecyltrimethyleamine bromide (HDTMAB) on the removal of Alexandrium sp. LC3 under cupric glutamate stress was investigated. Toxic effect of cupric glutamate on Alexandrium sp. LC3 was significantly promoted in the presence of HDTMAB, especially at 3.0 cmc of HDTMAB. It was found that the sulfhydryl group content of the cell decreased, while the malonaldehyde content and membrane permeability increased when Alexandrium sp. LC3 was treated with HDTMAB and cupric glutamate complex, compared with cupric glutamate alone. The data suggest that HDTMAB might stimulate the damage of Alexandrium sp. LC3 by enhancing the membrane permeability.
107 strains producing protease were screened from 260 strains of Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria, among which proteolytic activity of five strains was more than 45 U ml-1. The 16S rRNA gene sequences homology and phylogenetic analysis of five Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria showed that NJ276、 NJ5-9、NJ16-70、NJ345 belonged to the described genus Pseudoalteromonas and NJ341belonged to the genus Colwellia. The growth and the protease characteristic of four Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria had been studied, and the result showed that the optimal temperature for growth and protease-producing of four strains was about 10 ℃. Their growth and protease-producing were still high during incubating 2-5 days. The maximum proteolytic activity occurred at pH 9 for four Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria. The optimal temperature of protease action of both strains NJ276 and NJ5-9 was about 50 ℃, however, the optimal temperature of protease action of both strains NJ341 and NJ345 was about 40 ℃, and their proteolytic activity under 0 ℃ exhibited nearly 30% of the maximum activity,but their thermal stabilities were weaker. These results indicated that proteases from NJ341 and NJ345 were low-temperature proteases.
