为了检测水旱两用秸秆还田组合刀辊的田间作业质量和功率,采用无线遥测技术,利用动力输出轴一体化扭矩传感器,对安装组合刀辊的耕整机进行了田间作业质量和作业功耗优化参数性能测试试验,并与传统旋耕刀辊、螺旋刀辊进行田间作业质量及功耗对比试验。田间试验结果表明:组合刀辊性能检测试验中,水田和旱地植被埋覆率分别为94.3%和96.5%,耕深分别为20.8和20.3 cm,耕深稳定性分别为92.3%和90.6%,耕后地表平整度分别为0.9和1.2 cm,功率消耗分别为27.6和31.2 k W,均达到了设计目标;与其他刀辊对比试验中,组合刀辊作业质量优于螺旋刀辊和传统旋耕刀,作业功耗稍高。该研究可为实现水田和旱地高茬秸秆埋覆还田和土壤耕整提供参考。
The precision seeding technique has been developed at full speed along with the continuous development of new agricultural technologies,especially those concerning cultivated patterns.The seed-metering device is the key component of a precision seeder.A ground wheel is used to drive the seed-metering device of the conventional direct seeder.However,the wheel bears high resistance and easily slips.Moreover,the adjustment of the precision seeder’s seeding rate is more difficult.In order to solve these problems,a control system which could keep the rotational speed of the seed-metering device consistent with the seeder’s working speed for the precision seed-metering device was designed.The control system includes a Hall sensor,a single chip microcomputer system,a motor control module,a stepper motor and a display.The control system used a Hall sensor to measure the seeder’s working speed and employed a single chip microcomputer system to predict the rotational speed of seed-metering device.It would then determine the relationship between the seeder’s working speed and the rotational speed of the seed metering-device according to the seeder’s working state,distance between seeds and the requirement of sowing rate.The system could effectively reduce the influence of inhomogeneous sowing caused by the ground wheel’s slipping.The system was found to be reliable by the experiment.The seeding control system could also make the speed of the seed-metering device and seeder’s uniform,improving the uniformity of the amount of seeding,and achieving the goal of design.This new design provides a platform to solve problems of the seed-metering device and the seeder.
