The universality of improved CO2 fixing upon the addition of mixed electron donors(MEDs)composed of Na2 S,NO2-,and S2O32-to non-photosynthetic microbial communities(NPMCs)obtained from 12 locations in four oceans of the world was validated. The CO2 fixing efficiencies of NPMCs were universally enhanced by MED compared with those obtained using H2 alone as electron donor,with average increase of about 276%. An increase in microbial inoculation concentration could increase the net amount of CO2 fixing to853.34 mg/L in the presence of MED. NO2-and S2O32-may play the roles of both electron acceptor and electron donor under aerobic conditions,which may improve the energy utilization efficiency of NPMC and enhance the CO2 fixation efficiency. The sequence determination of 16 S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid(rDNA) from 150 bacteria of NPMC showed that more than 50% of the bacteria were symbiotic and there were many heterotrophic bacteria such as Vibrio natriegens. These results indicate that NPMC acts as a symbiotic CO2 fixing system. The interaction between autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria may be a crucial factor supporting ladder utilization and recycling of energy/carbon source.
Jiajun HuLei WangShiping ZhangYuanqing WangFangming JinXiaohua FuHuirong Li
Estuarine wetland,where freshwater mixes with salt water,comprises different regions(rivers and marine ecosystems)with significantly varying tidal salinities.Two sampling areas,ZXS and JS,were selected to investigate the effect of tidal salinity on soil respiration(SR).ZXS and JS were located in Zhongxia Shoal and Jiangyanan Shoal of Jiuduansha Wetland respectively,with similar elevation and plant species,but significantly different in salinity.The results showed that with almost identical plant biomass,the SR and soil microbial respiration(SMR)of the tidal wetland with lower salinity(JS)were significantly higher than those of the tidal wetland with higher salinity(ZXS)(p<0.05).However,unlike SMR and SR,the difference in the soil microbial biomass(SMB)was not significant(p>0.05)with the SMB of ZXS a little higher than that of JS.The higher SMR and SR of JS may be closely connected to the soil microbial community structures and amount of dominant bacteria.Abundantβ-andγ-Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria in JS soil,which have strong heterotrophic metabolic capabilities,could be the main reason for higher SMR and SR,whereas a high number ofε-Proteobacteria in ZXS,some of which have carbon fixation ability,could be responsible for relatively lower carbon output.Path analysis indicated that soil salinity had the maximum negative total influencing coefficient with SMR among the various soil physical and chemical factors,suggesting that higher soil salinity,restricting highly heterotrophic bacteria,is the principle reason for lower SMR and SR in the ZXS.
Xue Fei XiLei WangJia Jun HuYu Shu TangYu HuXiao Hua FuYing SunYiu Fai TsangYan Nan ZhangJin Hai Chen
