The purpose of this study was to quantitatively analyze the relationship between three dimensional arterial spin labeling(3D-ASL) and dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion weighted imaging(DSC-PWI) in ischemic stroke patients. Thirty patients with ischemic stroke were included in this study. All subjects underwent routine magnetic resonance imaging scanning, diffusion weighted imaging(DWI), magnetic resonance angiography(MRA), 3D-ASL and DSC-PWI on a 3.0T MR scanner. Regions of interest(ROIs) were drawn on the cerebral blood flow(CBF) maps(derived from ASL) and multi-parametric DSC perfusion maps, and then, the absolute and relative values of ASL-CBF, DSC-derived CBF, and DSC-derived mean transit time(MTT) were calculated. The relationships between ASL and DSC parameters were analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis. Receiver operative characteristic(ROC) curves were performed to define the thresholds of relative value of ASL-CBF(r ASL) that could best predict DSC-CBF reduction and MTT prolongation. Relative ASL better correlated with CBF and MTT in the anterior circulation with the Pearson correlation coefficients(R) values being 0.611(P<0.001) and –0.610(P<0.001) respectively. ROC curves demonstrated that when r ASL ≤0.585, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for predicting ROIs with r CBF<0.9 were 92.3%, 63.6% and 76.6% respectively. When r ASL ≤0.952, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for predicting ROIs r MTT>1.0 were 75.7%, 89.2% and 87.8% respectively. ASL-CBF map has better linear correlations with DSC-derived parameters(DSC-CBF and MTT) in anterior circulation in ischemic stroke patients. Additionally, when r ASL is lower than 0.585, it could predict DSC-CBF decrease with moderate accuracy. If r ASL values range from 0.585 to 0.952, we just speculate the prolonged MTT.
