Through leaching from residue directly and leaching after a roasting treatment,respectively,the experimental research on sulfuric leaching of vanadium from residue of stone coal that came from power generation was conducted.Factors which influence the leaching of vanadium such as concentration of sulfuric acid,leaching temperature,leaching time and liquid-to-solid ratio were investigated in both processes.In the process of direct leaching,to achieve a leaching rate of 74.49%,H2SO4 concentration of up to 5.4%,leaching temperature of 90℃and leaching time of 8 h were necessary reaction factors.The results show that after a roasting treatment at the optimum condition of 950℃at 1 h,76.88%vanadium can be leached under the experimental condition of 0.45% of H2SO4,30℃for 1 h with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 2 mL/g.Leaching after an oxidation roasting treatment is an efficient way to leach vanadium from the residue of stone coal,which has some advantages,such as high recovery,low economic cost and less impurities in leaching solution.
The effects of reaction time,reaction temperature,stirring speed and flowrate of CO2 gas on desilication rate and loss rate of vanadium were studied.The results indicated that desilication rate increases with the increase of flowrate of CO2 gas and reaction time.Reaction temperature and stirring speed have little effect on desilication rate,while influence the loss rate of vanadium significantly.Under the condition of reaction time of 2 h,reaction temperature of 95℃,stirring speed of 180 r/min,flowrate of CO2 gas of 60 mL/min and aging time of 2 h,desilication rate is more than 96%and the loss rate of vanadium is about 4.24%.The residue of desilication process can be processed for silicon materials,such as high-grade hydrated silica,which commonly known as white carbon black.In addition,with this carbonation method,leaching regents NaOH can be recycled by simple treatments.
对从石煤碱法提钒过程产生的高硅钒浸出液中回收硅和钒资源及浸出剂的再生进行研究。首先通入CO2气体调节浸出液pH至8.5,使浸出过程中所积累的大量硅杂质以水合二氧化硅沉淀的形式脱除,并经进一步处理后制备成白炭黑副产品;然后,采用溶剂萃取的方法从净化后的浸出液中回收钒;提钒后留下的余液再通过苛化反应实现浸出剂的再生。研究结果表明:浸出液按上述工艺进行净化—提钒—苛化处理后,脱硅率达到99.43%,钒回收率大于95.00%;制备的无定形白炭黑产品SiO2纯度大于98%,比表面积高达450 m2/g;再生浸出液返回浸矿时,钒的浸出率为81.7%。对于整个工艺,每生产1 t V2O5可以获得白炭黑副产品10 t,并可实现总量75%浸出剂的再生。
