目的探讨高血压病患者24h动态血压变化与认知功能的关系。方法采用多种神经心理学量表对60例原发性高血压病患者进行评定;所有受试对象进行24h动态血压的测量。结果在控制年龄、性别及受教育程度的影响后,高血压病患者MMSE(the mini-mental state examination)得分与除舒张压负荷值外的所有血压指标均呈显著负相关。CAMCOG-C(the cognitive and self-contained part of the Cam-bridge examination for mental disorders of the elderly-Chinese e-dition)得分与24h平均收缩压,夜间收缩压负荷值呈显著负相关,其子项学习记忆、注意功能、运用等均与部分动态血压指标呈显著负相关。MMSE与24h、日间及夜间平均脉压呈显著负相关。CAMCOG-C与24h平均脉压呈显著负相关,其子项学习记忆、运用、注意功能、思维等亦与部分动态脉压及脉压指数呈显著负相关。结论高血压病患者收缩压及其负荷值的增高可通过多途径影响多区域认知功能,脉压及脉压指数的增大可能是高血压患者认知损害的危险因素之一。
目的评价中文版可重复神经心理状态测验（repeatable battery for the assessment of neuro-psychological status，RBANS）在精神分裂症患者人群应用的信度和效度。方法筛查100名精神分裂症患者，其中98名患者完成中文版RBANS问卷、世界卫生组织认知功能评价成套神经心理测验（WHO-BCAI）和Stroop字色干扰测验，同时使用阳性阴性综合征量表（PANSS）和临床疗效总评（CGI）评价患者病情的严重程度。其中43例患者间隔一月后复测RBANS。对获取的数据进行相关分析等。结果RBANS总分与RBANS5个因子分的相关系数具有统计学意义（r=0.475-0.778，P〈0.001）。RBANS总分重测信度ICC为0.877，5个因子ICC从0.453-0.875。除了RBANS的视觉空间结构与WHO—BCAI的延迟回忆，RBANS的语言与WHO—BCAI的视觉辨认功能、空间结构相关系数未达到统计学意义外，RBANS总分、各因子分与WHO-BCAI及Stroop字色干扰测验的相关系数具有统计学意义。结论中文版RBANS在精神分裂症患者中应用具有较好的信度和效度，可作为精神分裂症患者认知功能水平的筛查工具。
Objective The macula lagena in birds is located at the apical end of the cochlea and contains many tiny otoliths. The macula lagena is innervated and has neural projections to the brainstem, but its physiological function is still unclear. It remains disputable that it is because otoliths in the lagena are rich in elements Fe and Zn that birds can obtain geomagnetic information for homing. To clarify this issue, we carried out a study to determine whether or not otoliths in the lagena of homing pigeons are richer in magnetic elements than those in the saccule and the utricle. Methods The contents of ferromagnetic elements （Fe, Co, Ni） and other metal elements in lagenal otoliths of adult homing pigeons were precisely analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） of high sensitivity, and then they were compared with those in saccular and utricular otoliths （all the contents were normalized to Ca）. Results In adult homing pigeons, the contents of ferromagnetic elements （Fe, Co, Ni） in lagenal otoliths were less than 0.7% （normalized to Ca element） and were the same order in magnitude as those in saccular and utricular otoliths. The content of Fe in lagenal otoliths was not significantly different from that in utricular otoliths and was even lower than that in saccular otoliths. The content of Co in lagenal otoliths was lower than that in saccular otoliths and higher than that in utricular otoliths. The content of Ni in lagenal otoliths was not significantly different from that in saccular otoliths and was higher than that in utricular otoliths. The contents of other metal elements Na, Mg, K, Al, Mn and Pb in lagenal otoliths were not significantly different from those in utricular and saccular otoliths. The contents of metal elements Zn, Ba and Cu in lagenal otoliths were lower than those in saccular otoliths. Conclusion The contents of magnetic elements in lagenal otoliths of homing pigeons are not much higher than those in utricular and saccular otoliths, which does not s
