Yeast cells have controllable biosorption on metallic ions during metabolism.However,few studies were dedicated to using yeast-regulated biomimetic mineralization process to control the strontium-doped positions in calcium phosphate microcapsules.In this study,the yeast cells were allowed to pre-adsorb strontium ions metabolically and then served as sacrificing template for the precipitation and calcination of mineral shell.The pre-adsorption enabled the microorganism to enrich of strontium ions into the inner part of the microcapsules,which ensured a slow-release profile of the trace element from the microcapsule.The co-culture with human marrow stromal cells showed that gene expressions of alkaline phosphatase and Collagen-I were promoted.The promotion of osteogenic differentiation was further confirmed in the 3D culture of cell-material complexes.The strategy using living microorganism as‘smart doping apparatus’to control incorporation of trace element into calcium phosphate paved a pathway to new functional materials for hard tissue regeneration.
Miaojun HuangTianjie LiTing PanNaru ZhaoYongchang YaoZhichen ZhaiJiaan ZhouChang DuYingjun Wang
Various functional groups have been suggested to play essential roles on biomineralization of calcium carbonate （CaCO3） in natural system. 2D and 3D models of regularly arranged functional groups have been established to investigate their effect on CaCO3 crystallization, This mini-review summarizes the recent progress and the future development is prospected.
