The Rehai Geothermal Field, located in Tengchong County, in central-western Yunnan Prov- ince, is the largest and most intensively studied geothermal field in China. A wide physicochemical diversity of springs （ambient to -97 ℃; pH from 〈1.8 to≥9.3） provides a multitude of niches for extremophilic microorganisms. A variety of studies have focused on the cultivation, identification, basic physiology, taxonomy, and biotechnological potential of thermophilic microorganisms from Rehai. Ther- mophilic bacteria isolated from Rehai belong to the phyla Firmicutes and Deinococcus-Thermus. Firmicutes include neutrophilic or alkaliphilic Anoxybacillus, Bacillus, Caldalkalibacillus, Caldanaerobacter, Laceyella, and Geobacillus, as well as thermoacidophilic Alicyclobacillus and Sulfobacillus. Isolates from the Deinococcus-Thermus phylum include several Meiothermus and Thermus species. Many of these bacteria synthesize thermostable polymer-degrading enzymes that may be useful for biotech- nology. The thermoacidophilic archaea Acidianus, Metallosphaera, and Sulfolobus have also been isolated and studied. A few studies have reported the isolation of thermophilic viruses belonging to Siphoviridae （TTSP4 and TTSP10） and Fuselloviridae （STSV1） infecting Thermus spp. and Sulfolobus spp., respectively. More recently, cultivation-independent studies using 16S rRNA gene sequences, shotgun metagenomics, or ＂＇functional gene＂ sequences have revealed a mtlch broader diversity of micro- organisms than represented in culture. Studies of the gene and mRNA encoding 113e large subunit of the ammonia monooxygenase （amoA） of ammonia-oxidizing Archaea （AOA） and the tetraether lipid cre- narchaeol, a potential hiomarker for AOA, suggest a wide diversity, but possibly low abundance, of ther- mophilic AOA in Rehai. Finally, we introduce the Tengchong Partnerships in International Research and Education （P1RE） project, an international collaboration between Chinese and U.S. scientists with the goal of promoting int
Brian P.HedlundJessica K.ColeAmanda J.WilliamsWeiguo HouEnmin ZhouWenjun LiHailiang Dong
放线菌系统学是以实现对放线菌进行分类、鉴定、命名为目标的基础学科,因此它是放线菌资源研究和开发利用的重要理论基础。自20世纪50年代起,我国放线菌系统学的奠基人阎逊初院士及同事们就开创了我国放线菌系统学的研究,经过近六十年、几代人的艰苦努力,我国放线菌系统学工作者在国际微生物系统学权威杂志(International Journal of Systematics and Evolutionary of Microbiology,IJSEM)发表的有关放线菌新分类单元的论文数量连续十年排名稳居前列,部分学者在国际上发表的某些改良的分类技术和新修订的分类系统等为国际同行所广泛采用,这些均标志着我国放线菌系统学研究在国际上已成为微生物系统学界的一支重要力量。本文全面介绍了我国放线菌系统学研究的发展历程,同时对其发展现状给予理性分析,并就未来发展方向进行了展望。
