A series of novel imidazolium based ionic liquids containing the urea moiety were designed and synthesized for anion recognition. 1-Ethylurea-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Eumim]OAc) was used as the receptor for the halides and complex anions (BF4-, PF6-, BPh4-). 1H NMR spectra showed that the urea protons and imidazolium C(2) proton of the receptor ([Eumim]OAc) moved upfield on addition of various anions. A Job plot showed that the [Eumim]OAc receptor formed a 1:1 complex with BPh4-. X-ray diffraction analysis and the molecular modeling study revealed that the conformations of [Eumim]OAc and [Eumim]BPh4 were different. The conformational change of the cation was caused by anion exchange, and may provide an alternative to current methods for recognition of anions.
Benzimidazolium-based receptors 1-3 were designed and synthesized. On the basis of fluorescence, UV-Vis, and 1H NMR spectroscopic studies, and X-ray single crystal structure analysis, it was confirmed that the receptor 1 displays strong (C-H)+···X, N-H···X hydrogen bonds and charge-charge interactions with anions. More importantly, these investigations demonstrated that the charged (C-H)+ benzimidazolium and urea moieties play a synergistic role in anion recognition.
