Objective To explore the relationship of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction with risks to cardiovascular disease （CVD）. Methods Blood pressure, body weight, body height, waist circumference and lifestyle risk factors were measured and studied among 2589 participants in Inner Mongolia of China, and biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hsCRP）, soluble inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1 （slCAM-1）, soluble E-selectin （sE-selectin）, and angiotensin II were investigated. Results Subjects with metabolic risk factors for CVD had higher levels of hsCRP, sE-selectin and slCAM-1 than those without such risk factors （all P〈O.05）. Levels of all biomarkers positively and significantly increased with aggregation of the metabolic risk factors among the subjects （all P for trend 〈0.001）. Data from the multivariate analysis showed that participants with high levels of hsCRP [odds ratio （OR}： 1.96, 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.52-2.53], sE-selectin （OR： 1.35, 95% Cl： 1.05-1.72）, and angiotensin II （OR： 1.81, 95% CI＂ 1.40-2.33） were more likely to develop hypertension; participants with high levels of hsCRP （OR： 2.33, 95% CI： 1.85-2.94）, sE-selectin （OR： 1.24, 95% CI： 1.00-1.54）, and slCAM-1 （OR： 1.70, 95% CI： 1.30-2.22） were more likely to develop dyslipidemia, and those with high levels of hsCRP （OR： 2.95, 95% CI： 2.27-3.83） and slCAM-I（OR： 2.80, 95% CI： 2.06-3.80） were more likely to develop hyperglycemia. Conclusion Biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were separately associated with relevant metabolic risk factors for CVD. And appropriate measures should be taken to control inflammation and improve endothelial function among individuals with different metabolic risk factors for CVD.
PENG HaoHAN Shu HaiLIU Hai YingVasisht CHANDNICAI Xiao QingZHANG Yong Hong
Abstract Objective There is little knowledge on whether there is clustering of inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein （CRP）, soluble intracellular adhesion molecule1-1 （slCAM-1）, and angiotensin It （Ang Ⅱ）, in individuals with hypertension in the Mongolian population. In the present study, we investigated this relationship in a Mongolian population in China. Methods A total of 2589 adult Mongolians, aged 20 years and older, were recruited as study participants. Data on demographics, lifestyle, family history of hypertension, blood pressure, and blood chemistry were collected, and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in all participants. Results The proportion of subjects with increased levels of two or three biomarkers was significantly higher in those with hypertension （21.0% and 6.0%, respectively） than in those with prehypertension （12.7% and 0.5%, respectively） or normotension （8.1% and 0.2%, respectively）. The multivariate adjusted odds ratios （95% confidence interval） of hypertension associated with increased levels of one, two or three biomarkers were 0.94 （0.72-1.22）, 1.42 （0.93-2.16）, and 11.08 （1.45-84.80）, respectively, compared with subjects with no increase in any biomarker. Conclusion Hypertension was associated with a cluster of inflammatory biomarkers in the Mongolian population.
ZHU Xiao HongJIAO YangLI Hong MeiWANG Ai LiWANG Gui YanTONG Wei JunZHANG Yong Hong
Background Many studies have suggested that C-reactive protein （CRP） and blood lipids are associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease （CVD）.However,few studies discussed the combined action of CRP and blood lipids on the risk of hypertension and prehypertension.This study aimed to investigate the combined action of CRP and lipid profiles on the risk of hypertension and prehypertension in Mongolian adults from Inner Mongolia,China.Methods The systolic and diastolic blood pressure,height,weight and waist circumference were measured and factors such as smoking,alcohol intake,family history of hypertension,etc.,were investigated and CRP,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）,triglycerides （TG） were tested for 2 534 Mongolian adults aged ≥20 years.The subjects were divided into four subgroups,namely CRP 〈median and LDL-C （TG） 〈median subgroup,CRP 〈median and LDL-C （TG） 〉median subgroup,CRP 〉median and LDL-C （TG） 〈median subgroup and CRP 〉median and LDL-C （TG） 〉median subgroup.The ORs （95% C/s） of hypertension and prehypertension for the subgroups were calculated by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The multivariate adjusted ORs （95%CIs） of hypertension/prehypertension were 1.389 （0.979-1.970）/1.1 51（0.865-1.531）,1.666 （1.159-2.394）/1.431 （1.060-1.930）,1.756 （1.242-2.484）/ 1.770 （1.321-2.372）,for CRP 〈median and LDL-C 〉median subgroup,CRP 〉median and LDL-C 〈median subgroup,and CRP 〉median and LDL-C 〉median subgroup,respectively,compared with CRP 〈median and LDL-C 〈median subgroup.Similarly,the multivariate adjusted ORs （95% CIs） of hypertension/prehypertension were 2.032 （1.394-2.963）/1.442 （1.047-1.988）,1.412 （0.960-2.079）/1.596 （1.166-2.184）,and 2.197 （1.595-3.027）/1.730 （1.321-2.266） for CRP 〈median and TG 〉median subgroup,CRP 〉median and TG 〈median subgroup,and CRP 〉median and TG 〉median subgroup,respectively,compared with CRP 〈median and TG 〈media
