Studies on geotectonic evolution, regionally geological characteristics and ore-forming and ore-controlling structures have shown that since the Mesozoic the Da Hinggan Ling region has entered the typical intercontinental orogenic stage, which appears to be closely related to mantle plume activities. Da Hinggan Ling is a typical mantle branch structure and possesses obvious magmatic-metamorphic complexes in the core, detachment slip beds in the periphery and overlapped fault depression basins. Moreover, all these are the principal factors leading to ore formation and ore controlling in the region. This paper also further explores the mechanism of mineralization in the middle-southern segment of Da Hinggan Ling, summaries the rules of mineralization, puts forward the models of mineralization and points out the ore-search orientations in the future time.
Dike swarms are generally ascribed to intrusion of mantle-source magma result from extension. Basic dike swarms around the Shanxi-Hebei-Inner Mogolia borders in the northern peripheral area of the North China Craton can be divided into five age groups according to isotopic dating: 1800-1700 Ma, 800-700 Ma, 230 Ma, 140-120 Ma, and 50-40 Ma. Geological, petrological and isotope geochemical features of the five groups is investigated in order to explore the variation of the mantle material composition in the concerned area with time. And the various extensional activities reflected by the five groups of dike swarms are compared with some important tectonic events within the North China Craton as well as around the world during the same period.
Spinel lherzolite xenoliths were found in phonolitic alkaline basalt in the Keluo area, Heilongjiang Province. Detailed electron-microprobe study revealed abundant phosphates and associated metasomatic minerals between primary phases in xenolith. The phosphates are considered special residual phases (coagulation) of P- and F-rich mantle melt/fluid, most of which were identified as glass phases based on Raman spectroscopic analyses. Such melt/fluid also further metasomatized primary minerals, thus leading to formation of reaction rims successively composed of Cr-spinel symplectitic zone and olivine + diopside zone. Therefore, the P- and F-rich melt/fluid played an important role in the upper-mantle metasomatism in the Keluo area. It is suggested that this kind of metasomstism may occur in some other places of eastern China. The present results may also have significance in study-ing types of metasomatic melt/fluid and its evolution in the lithospheric mantle beneath eastern China.
