本文分析了反应过程和分离过程之间存在的耦合特性和匹配作用规律,指出在某种程度上,反应一分离集成实际上是在一定分离方案下的反应器网络综合问题。通过目标函数对反应物浓度的导数分析,指出了反应过程和分离过程存在集成的必要条件为:(?)f/(?)C<0,且i为产物。以Van der Vusse反应为例,在不同分离方案和不同进料条件下分别讨论了反应-分离集成的可能性,结果表明:不同条件下所得到的反应-分离集成结构是不同的,运用导数分析的方法来判断并进行反应-分离集成是简捷、有效的。
Entransy is a physical quantity describing heat transfer ability, and heat transfer is accompanied by entransy transfer. Thermal energy is conserved in its transfer process, while entransy is dissipated because of the irreversibility of its transfer process. As a result, entransy transfer must have its rules which are different from those of thermal energy transfer. Based on the definition of entransy, an entransy transfer equation is derived, which describes the entransy transfer processes of a multi-component viscous fluid subject to heat transfer by conduction and convection, mass diffusion and chemical reactions. The expressions of entransy flux and entransy dissipation are obtained simultaneously, and their physical mechanism is clarified. And further, the theory and method of optimizing heat transfer applying the entransy transfer equation to the steady-state convection heat transfer process are expounded. The minimum thermal resistance principle and the entransy dissipation extremum principle are obtained by applying the steady-state entransy transfer equation to the steady-state convection heat transfer process. The cases of the single-component steady-state convection heat transfer and the steady-state heat conduction show the application of the theory and method.
