Long-term compliance with regular surveillance is important for the prevention and timely management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, there are no researches focusing on the compliance of hepatitis B virus infected patients in regular surveillance so far. The purpose of our study was to investigate the outpatient compliance with long-term regular surveillance in China. Data of 3257 CHB outpatients was pooled and analyzed to assess the outpatient's compliance with the long-term regular surveillance plan. In all outpatients, the non-follow-up and the follow-up group accounted for 73.2% and 26.8%, respectively. Among the follow-up outpatient's, only 48.9% received ongoing-follow-up and 51.1% were finally lost to follow-up; the median length of visiting duration was 25 months; and the predictive 1-, 2-, 3-, 4and 5-year ongoing follow-up rate was 72.7%, 52.5%, 42.4%, 33.8%, and 26.3%, respectively. In conclusion, our survey proved that the regular long-term surveillance on Chinese chronic HBV carrier is difficult to be fully implemented. A large proportion of outpatients do not receive routine follow-up and are at risk of treatment delay due to various social reasons.
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)has been recently studied in animal models,and in clinical trials of patients with fulminant hepatic failure,end-stage liver diseases and inherited metabolic disorders.Modulatory cytokines produced by MSCs can inhibit immunocyte proliferation and migration to the liver,thereby attenuating inflammatory injury and reducing hepatocyte apoptosis.In addition,MSCs play an important role in regressing liver fibrosis and in supporting the function,proliferation and differentiation of endogenous hepatocytes under appropriate conditions.Although remarkable progress has been achieved in basic and clinical MSC studies,optimal therapeutic regimens for the clinical application of MSCs,such as optimal doses,transplantation routine and interval period for transplantation,need to be elucidated in detail.Furthermore,the long-term safety and therapeutic efficacy of MSC transplantation should be evaluated in future clinical trials.This review summarizes our current understanding of the immunomodulatory effects of MSC therapies on human liver diseases.
Hu LinRuonan XuZheng ZhangLiming ChenMing ShiFu-Sheng Wang
