We report on the first dark-matter(DM)search results from PandaX-I,a low threshold dual-phase xenon experiment operating at the China JinPing Underground Laboratory.In the 37-kg liquid xenon target with 17.4 live-days of exposure,no DM particle candidate event was found.This result sets a stringent limit for low-mass DM particles and disfavors the interpretation of previously-reported positive experimental results.The minimum upper limit,3.7×10-44cm2,for the spin-independent isoscalar DM-particle-nucleon scattering cross section is obtained at a DM-particle mass of 49 GeV/c2at 90%confidence level.
The two-phase xenon detector is at the frontier of dark matter direct search.This kind of detector uses liquid xenon as the sensitive target and is operated in two-phase(liquid/gas)mode,where the liquid level needs to be monitored and controlled in sub-millimeter precision.In this paper,we present a detailed design and study of two kinds of level meters for the PandaX dark matter detector.The long level meter is used to monitor the overall liquid level while short level meters are used to monitor the inclination of the detector.These level meters are cylindrical capacitors that are custom-made from two concentric metal tubes.Their capacitance values are read out by a universal transducer interface chip and are recorded by the PandaX slow control system.We present the developments that lead to level meters with long-term stability and sub-millimeter precision.Fluctuations(standard deviations)of less than 0.02 mm for the short level meters and less than 0.2 mm for the long level meter were achieved during a few days of test operation.
PandaX is a large liquid-xenon detector experiment usable for direct dark-matter detection and 136Xe double-beta decay search.The central vessel was designed to accommodate a staged target volume increase from initially 120 kg(stage I)to 0.5 t(stage II)and eventually to a multi-ton scale.The experiment is located in the Jinping Deep-Underground Laboratory in Sichuan,China.The detector operates in dual-phase mode,allowing detection of both prompt scintillation,and ionization charge through proportional scintillation.In this paper a detailed description of the stage I detector design and performance as well as results established during the commissioning phase are presented.
