A three-dimensional model of the double-slot coupled cavity slow-wave structure(CCSWS) with a solid round electron beam for the beam–wave interaction is presented. Based on the "cold" dispersion, the "hot" dispersion equation is derived with the Maxwell equations by using the variable separation method and the field-matching method. Through numerical calculations, the effects of the electron beam parameters and the staggered angle between adjacent walls on the linear gain are analyzed.
Based on space-charge wave theory,the formulae of the beam-wave coupling coefficient and the beam-loaded conductance are given for the beam-wave interaction in an N-gap Hughes-type coupled cavity chain.The ratio of the nonbeam-loaded quality factor of the coupled cavity chain to the beam quality factor is used to determine the stability of the beam-wave interaction.As an example,the stabilities of the beam-wave interaction in a three-gap Hughes-type coupled cavity chain are discussed with the formulae and the CST code for the operations of the 2π,π,and π/2 modes,respectively.The results show that stable operation of the 2π,π,and π/2 modes may all be realized in an extended-interaction klystron with the three-gap Hughes-type coupled cavity chain.
