该文分析了火电机组脱硫系统主要能耗设备的能耗特性,建立脱硫设备能耗与机组负荷、燃煤硫分和脱硫率的数学关系,在此基础上提出电站脱硫系统的节能优化运行方法,并结合典型1 000 MW火电机组脱硫系统开展案例分析与定量计算。结果表明:新型优化运行方法不增加新设备、不影响机组安全稳定运行,在40%~100%锅炉最大连续蒸发量(boiler maximum continue rate,BMCR)负荷工况下,仅通过运行方式的调整即可在确保脱硫效果的前提下使烟气脱硫(flue gas desulfurization,FGD)系统电耗下降约2%~22%,其中大部分负荷下电耗下降均可达10%以上;而按典型负荷工况估算,年可节约电能5052MW h,相比于原方案总电耗下降10.6%,节约电费176.8万元,节能效果显著。
To provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for preparing composite rods by direct continuous casting, copper-clad aluminum composite rods of external copper layer diameter 12 mm and inner aluminum core diameter 8 mm were manufactured. Orthogonal tests consisted of three factors and three levels were carried out to research the effects of melting copper temperature, continuous casting speed and nitrogen pressure on the performance of composite rods. Results showed that nitrogen pressure is the most important factor in influencing the surface quality; continuous casting speed is the most important factor in influencing copper & aluminum inter diffusion amount. Nitrogen pressure can noticeably improve the surface quality and make the rods easily be drawn out, but the surface quality does not show visible improvement when the nitrogen pressure is above 0.05 MPa. Measured by tests, the compound layer can be divided into three types according to its cladding layer degree: deficient cladding, normal cladding and excess cladding. The diameter of normal copper-clad aluminum composite rods can be successfully drawn less than 0.6 mm without annealing.
