采用嗜酸性硫杆菌,通过摇瓶试验研究了不同硫杆菌及其复合生物沥浸对含固率为3.4%的沼液脱水性能的影响.设置了如下5个处理:①原始沼液(作对照);②4 g.L-1 Fe2+(不接菌);③2 g.L-1S0+25 mL A.t;④4 g.L-1Fe2++25 mL A.f;⑤2g.L-1 S0+4 g.L-1 Fe2++12.5 mL A.t+12.5 mL A.f.考察了不同的处理生物沥浸过程中的pH、Fe2+、Fe3+、总Fe、比阻、毛细吸水时间(CST)、沉降性能及沉降12 h后上清的浊度等的变化.结果表明,原始沼液+Fe2+、原始沼液+Fe2++A.f和原始沼液+Fe2++S0+A.f+A.t这3个处理沼液的比阻和CST都得到了不同程度的降低,综合沼液的脱水性能、沉降性能以及沉降12 h后的上清液浊度,结合经济成本分析,建议选择原始沼液+Fe2++A.f作为沼液生物沥浸处理比较合理.生物沥浸后沼饼中的有机质、N、P、K的含量分别降低了1.14%、0.09%、0.05%、0.1%,不影响肥效,对沼饼中的重金属Cu、Zn的去除率分别为63.2%和91.3%,同时对沼液中的总大肠杆菌的杀灭率超过了99%.可见,生物沥浸技术为沼液的资源化利用提供了一个全新的途径.
Aniline-degrading microbes were cultivated and acclimated with the initial activated sludge collected from a chemical wastewater treatment plant. During the acclimation processes, aerobic granular sludge being able to effectively degrade aniline was successfully formed, from which a preponderant bacterial strain was isolated and named as AN1. Effects of factors including pH, temperature, and second carbon/nitrogen source on the biodegradation of aniline were investigated. Results showed that the optimal conditions for the biodegradation of aniline by the strain AN1 were at pH 7.0 and 28–35°C. At the optimal pH and temperature, the biodegradation rate of aniline could reach as high as 17.8 mg/（L·hr） when the initial aniline concentration was 400 mg/L. Further studies revealed that the addition of 1 g/L glucose or ammonium chloride as a second carbon or nitrogen source could slightly enhance the biodegradation efficiency from 93.0% to 95.1%–98.5%. However, even more addition of glucose or ammonium could not further enhance the biodegradation process but delayed the biodegradation of aniline by the strain AN1. Based on morphological and physiological characteristics as well as the phylogenetic analysis of 26S rDNA sequences, the strain AN1 was identified as Candida tropicalis.
The sewage sludge conditioning process is critical to improve the sludge dewaterability prior to mechanical dewatering. Traditionally, sludge is conditioned by physical or chemical approaches, mostly with the addition of inorganic or organic chemicals. Here we report that bioleaching, an efficient and economical microbial method for the removal of sludge-borne heavy metals, also plays a significant role in enhancing sludge dewaterability. The effects of bioleaching and physical or chemical approaches on sludge dewaterability were compared. The conditioning result of bioleaching by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Acidithiobacillusferrooxidans on sludge dewatering was investigated and compared with the effects of hydrothermal （121℃ for 2 hr）, microwave （1050 W for 50 sec）, ultrasonic （250 W for 2 min）, and chemical conditioning （24% ferric chloride and 68% calcium oxide; dry basis）. The results show that the specific resistance to filtration （SRF） or capillary suction time （CST） of sludge is decreased by 93.1% or 74.1%, respectively, after fresh sludge is conditioned by bioleaching, which is similar to chemical conditioning treatment with ferric chloride and calcium oxide but much more effective than other conditioning approaches including hydrothermal, microwave, and ultrasonic conditioning. Furthermore, after sludge dewatering, bioleached sludge filtrate contains the lowest concentrations of chroma （18 times）, COD （542 mg/L）, total N （TN, 300 mg/L）, NH4＋-N （208 mg/L）, and total P （TP, 2 mg/L） while the hydrothermal process resulted in the highest concentration of chroma （660 times）, COD （18,155 mg/L）, TN （472 mg/L）, NH4＋-N （381 mg/L）, and TP （191 mg/L） among these selected conditioning methods. Moreover, unlike chemical conditioning, sludge bioleaching does not result in a significant reduction of organic matter, TN, and TP in the resulting dewatered sludge cake. Therefore, considering sludge dewaterability and the chemical properties of slud
