To understand the mooring energy during positioning,the expressions of four items concerning mooring line energy are presented based on a finite element model,including gravitational and elastic potential energy,kinetic energy and dissipated energy due to mooring-induced damping. In a static case,the force calculated from the derivative of potential energy with respect to distance is compared with that of direct calculation. The results are found fit well,which indicates the law of conservation of energy and also shows the correctness of the potential energy results. For the cases of a single mooring line with the attachment point oscillating with different amplitudes in horizontal or vertical direction (corresponding to surge and roll motions respectively),and the case of the mooring line with a horizontal bichromatic oscillation on the attachment point,the time history of the first three items are calculated and analyzed,also,the indicator diagram for mooring-induced damping are given. These results reveal the energy state of the mooring line and can provide a better understanding of how the mooring line works.
Strongly nonlinear characteristics of ship roll owing to viscous effect can be usually observed. To describe the nonlinear roll behavior, the CFD method has been frequently employed with obvious advantages compared with the traditional semi-empirical formula method in estimating the roll damping. Numerical simulations of free decay and forced rolling at various forward speeds and amplitudes for a 3-D ship hull are conducted in the present research to predict ship roll damping, in which a RANS solver is employed and a dynamic mesh technique is adopted and discussed in detail. Numerical results, including nonlinear flow characters around ships, rolling decay curves and damping coefficients, show that they are all in good agreement with available experimental data. The linear and nonlinear damping coefficients are estimated and analyzed by fitting with exponential functions for various rolling amplitudes, frequencies and speeds in the free decay simulations, and the damping coefficients are obtained by a polynomial fitting in the forced roll simulations. It is indicated that the damping coefficients increase with increasing rolling angle amplitude and velocity. It is also emphasized that the effect of forward speed is significant to roll damping and the nonlinear damping decreases with increasing velocity.
基于CFD方法,建立了数值波浪水池,就Wigley-III船模在不同航速下摇荡运动辐射问题进行了数值模拟,给出了一种求解航行船舶辐射运动的水动力系数的方法。计算分析了船体相关模态运动的附加质量与阻尼,与势流理论结果、DUT(Delft University of Technology)的试验数据进行了比较,吻合良好。对比和研究表明,本文的方法比实验更易实现和控制,能细致描述船舶周围的流场,在船舶水动力性能的分析预报等方面具有广阔的应用前景。
A 3-D time domain method is developed to investigate the gap influence on the wave forces for 3-D multiple floating structures. Special hydrodynamic resonance due to small gaps between multiple floating structures on wave forces is examined. Strong and complicate hydrodynamic interactions between the floating bodies are observed and the numerical computations have proved the existence of the sharp peak force response on each floating body at some special resonant wave numbers. By comparison with the results from the frequency domain technique, the results obtained from the time domain method reveal the similar resonant phenomena and hydrodynamic interaction. The resonant wave numbers are also proved around kL= nπ ( n =1,2,… , ∞ ) with a corresponding frequency shift. The strong hydrodynamic interaction feature is practically significant for the design of module structures and the links (connection) in whole the floating body system.
基于CFD方法建立了数值波浪水池,模拟了规则波浪的生成传播,并对顶浪中航行船舶的运动进行了模拟计算研究。讨论了数值模拟中的波浪环境表达,验证了数值波浪水池中波浪的生成、传播与消波等,模拟计算了多个航速顶浪中航行Wigley-III船模的运动与波浪增阻。将计算结果与DUT(Delft University of Technology)的试验数据相比较,吻合良好。对比和研究表明,基于数值水池的数值模拟方法比试验更易实现和控制,能细致描述船舶周围的流场,在波浪中舰船水动力性能的分析与运动预报等方面具有广阔的应用前景。
