对C3H8/空气在弯管燃烧器中的非预混湍流燃烧进行数值模拟,湍流模型采用RNGk-ε模型,燃烧模型采用守恒标量的概率密度函数(probability density function,PDF)模型,辐射模型为离散坐标(discrete ordinate,DO)模型,压力和速度项的耦合采用SIMPLE算法.在燃料丙烷入口速度不变的情况下,改变空气入口的速度,进行5种工况的模拟.模拟结果表明:随着入口空气速度的增大,燃料和氧化剂分子混合更均匀,燃烧速率升高,燃料浓度迅速减小,温度场高温区提前,火焰空间速度场整体速度增加,湍流强度增强,径向压力梯度增大.由此,可以通过控制空气入口的速度,控制火焰空间速度场速度的大小以及燃烧进行的程度.考虑到提高燃烧效率的问题,在保证燃料充分燃烧的情况下,尽量减少空气入口的速度,以达到工业目的.
A differential constraint method is used to obtain analytical solutions of a second-grade fluid flow. By using the first-order differential constraint condition, exact solutions of Poiseuille flows, jet flows and Couette flows subjected to suction or blowing forces, and planar elongational flows are derived. In addition, two new classes of exact solutions for a second-grade fluid flow are found. The obtained exact solutions show that the non-Newtonian second-grade flow behavior depends not only on the material viscosity but also on the material elasticity. Finally, some boundary value problems are discussed.
A general solution,including three arbitrary functions,is obtained for a (2+1)-dimensional modified dispersive water-wave (MDWW) equation by means of the WTC truncation method.Introducing proper multiple valued functions and Jacobi elliptic functions in the seed solution,special types of periodic folded waves are derived.In the long wave limit these periodic folded wave patterns may degenerate into single localized folded solitary wave excitations.The interactions of the periodic folded waves and the degenerated single folded solitary waves are investigated graphically and found to be completely elastic.
