The high-active bacteria were screened from 8 dominant bacteria obtained from the natural water body,and then the bioaugmentation activated carbon was formed by hydraulic immobilization of the high-active bacteria. Plant-scale studies on removal characteristics of disinfection by-products formation potentials (DBPFP) by bioaugmentation activated carbon process were conducted for micro-polluted raw water treatment. The results show that the bioaugmentation activated carbon process has adopted better purification efficiency to THMFP and HAAFP than traditional biological activated carbon process,and that average removal efficiencies of THMFP and HAAFP can reach 35% and 39.7% during the test period,increasing by more than 10% compared with traditional biological activated carbon process. The removal efficiencies of THMFP and HAAFP are stable because of the biodegradation of the high-active bacteria and the adsorption of active carbon. The biodegradability of CHCl3 formation potential is better as compared with that of CHCl2Br and CHClBr2 formation potentials among THMFP,and high removal efficiency of CHCl3formation potential is obtained by bioaugmentation degradation of the high-active bacteria. The biodegradability of HAAFP is better in comparison with that of THMFP,and the chemical properties of HAAFP are propitious to adsorption of activated carbon. Thus,HAAFP is on predominance during the competitive removal process with THMFP.
Objective It aims to investigate the changes in composition and structure of bacterial communities de-veloping on biological activated carbon (BAC) particles, and the bacterial functions. Method A pilot plant had been in service for 180 days, aiming to develop bacterial communities on acti-vated carbon naturally. After 180 days of operation, the bacterial communities were determined by dena-turing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. The study on community composition and the phylogenetic relationships of the organisms was complemented by a se-quence analysis of cloned PCR products from 16S rRNA genes. Gas chromatorgaphy-mass (GC-MS) mea-surement was used to determine organic chemical composition of inflow and outflow water on the 300th day. TOC and NH 4 + -N were also tested in this experiment. Results It showed that the stable bacterial structure did not develop on BAC particles until the 9th month during running time of the BAC filter. The communities were finally dominated by Pseudomonas sp., Ba-cillus sp., Nitrospira sp., and an uncultured bacterium. Stable bacterial communities played an important role in removal of NH 4 + -N and total organic carbon (TOC). Results from gas chromatorgaphy-mass (GC-MS) showed that 36 kinds of chemicals in feed water were eliminated, and concentrations of 5 kinds of chemicals decreased. These chemicals served as nutrients for the dominant bacteria. Conclusion The findings from the study suggested that the stability of microbial structure was beneficial for improving NH 4 + -N and TOC removal efficiencies. The dominant bacteria had the advantage of biode-grading a wide range of organic chemicals and NH 4 + -N.
Pilot plant studies on 2-methylisoborneol(2-MIB)removal in drinking water by biological activated carbon-sand filter(BACSF)were conducted in this paper.The biological activated carbon was chosen from a BAC filter of an advanced treatment plant which has operated for 1 year.The results showed that the BACSF worked effectively when high concentrations of MIB in raw water especially in summer season.Most of the MIB was removed within 450 mm of the top packed media and the removal rate was 75.24%.The biomass on the surface of activated carbon increased to 103 nmolP/g carbon in August.In addition to MIB,turbidity,UV254 and DOC consumption value are also effectively removed by BACSF.The micro flocculation in combination with BACSF enhanced filtration test provided the evidence that the micro-flocculation made the contaminant in water forming the colloidal matter and it improved the BACSF removal ability of MIB.The optimum PACl dosage was 0.2 mg/L and the PACl contact time was 2-4 min.
