Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide that acts as an insecticide-acaricide by ingestion, contact, and inhalation, and is now widely used in greenhouse for the control of pests. The dissipation of chlorpyrifos in crops such as orange fruit （Martinez-Vidal et al., 1998）, tomatoes（Aysal et al., 1999）, soil and its effects on soil microbial characteristics （Singh et al., 2002） has been reported frequently. However, little information is available to describe impacts of chlorpyrifos on soil microbial population and enzyme activity in greenhouse. In this study, the effect of chlorpyrifos on soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and soil enzyme activity was investigated.
SHAN Min FANG Hua WANG Xiao FENG Bo CHU Xiao-qiang YU Yun-long
The dissipation of chlorpyrifos in pakchoi-vegetated soil was investigated in the summer and autumn in a greenhouse and field, respectively. The dissipation of chlorpyrifos in pakchoi-grown soil was comparatively described by fitting the residue data to seven models （lst-order, 1.5th-order, 2nd-order, RF lst-order, RF 1.5th-order, RF 2nd-order, and bi-exponential or two-compartment models）. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 11.5 statistical package. The bi-exponential model was selected as the optimal model according to the coefficient of determination r^2. The dissipation half-lives （DT50） of chlorpyrifos in pakchoi-vegetated soil at the recommended dose in the summer and autumn, calculated by the bi-exponential model, were 0.6 and 1.2 d in a greenhouse, 0.4 and 1.0 d in a field, respectively; the corresponding values at double dose were 1.2 and 2.1 d in a greenhouse, 0.5 and 1.3 d in a field, respectively. The kinetic data indicate the dissipation of chlorpyrifos in pakchoi-grown soil in a greenhouse is slower than that in a field, and dissipates slower in the autumn than in the summer.
