利用从观赏植物上截获的相似穿孔线虫Radopholus similis 6个种群,研究在胡萝卜愈伤组织上长期培养繁殖和在红掌Anthurium andraeanum上接种繁殖复壮后,相似穿孔线虫耐低温能力的变化.将经2种方式培养繁殖的相似穿孔线虫接种在胡萝卜愈伤组织上,测定其耐低温能力.结果表明,在胡萝卜愈伤组织上长期(6代)连续培养后,相似穿孔线虫的耐低温能力降低,在低温下的生存能力和繁殖能力明显降低;通过在自然寄主植物红掌根系上接种繁殖后,相似穿孔线虫在低温下的生存和繁殖能力又可得到不同程度的恢复,即耐低温能力得到复壮.胡萝卜愈伤组织上长期培养繁殖对相似穿孔线虫不同群体耐低温能力的影响不同,相似穿孔线虫不同种群在红掌上繁殖后耐低温能力的恢复程度也有所不同.
Radopholus similis(Cobb 1893) Thorne(1949) is a destructive migratory endoparasitic plant nematode. In this study,the pathogenic process of R. similis infection in Nicotiana benthamiana(tobacco) was studied using quartz sand culture in laboratory. The results showed that R. similis mainly parasitised the root cortex, leading to cortical cell decomposition and tissue decay. We optimised the inoculation conditions to establish a method for determining the pathogenicity of R. similis as follows:(1) a glass culture tube was filled with quartz sand(about 1/3 of the height) and sterilised twice;(2) 20-day-old N. benthamiana seedlings were transplanted into test tubes and cultivated for 10 days at(25±1)°C;(3) R. similis female nematodes were inoculated in the root rhizosphere at a rate of 150 nematodes per plant;(4) the number of nematodes, disease severity, and growth of the plant at 30 days post-inoculation(dpi) were determined. The pathogenicity of eight R. similis populations from different hosts was determined, which proved the feasibility of this method.
YANG Si-huaZHAO Li-rongDING ShaTANG Shi-qiaoCHEN ChunZHANG Huan-xinXU Chun-lingXIE Hui
Ten populations of Radopholus similis from different ornamental hosts were tested for their parasitism and pathogenicity to water spinach(Ipomoea aquatic), malabar spinach(Basella rubra), and squash(Cucurbita moschata) in pots. The results showed all three plants were new hosts of R. similis. Growth parameters of plants inoculated with nematodes were significantly lower than those of healthy control plants. All R. similis populations were pathogenic to the three plants, but pathogenicity differed among populations from different hosts. The same R. similis populations also showed different pathogenic effects in the three different plants. Rad N5 population from Anthurium andraeanum had the highest pathogenicity to the three studied plants. Rad N1 from A. andraeanum had the lowest pathogenicity to squash and Rad N7 from Chrysalidocarpus lutesens had the lowest pathogenicity to water spinach and malabar spinach. R. similis is usually associated with root tissues, but here we report that it could be found to move and feed in the stem bases of all three studied plants. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of DNA markers of the 18 S r RNA, 28 S r RNA, ITS r RNA, and mitochondrial DNA gene sequences of ten R. similis populations revealed significant genetic diversity. Rad N5 and Rad N6 populations from anthurium showed a close genetic relationship and could be distinguished from other populations by PCR-RFLP. At the same time, Rad N5 and Rad N6 populations were the most pathogenic to three studied plants. These results confirm the e xistence of large biological variability and molecular diversity among R. similis populations from the same or different hosts, and these characteristics are related to pathogenic variability.
LI YuWANG KeXIE HuiXU Chun-lingWANG Dong-weiLI JingHUANG XinPENG Xiao-fang
