320 years ago,the adhesive tendrils of Parthenocissus were studied.Recently,the permanent attachment system of the tendrils is retrieved concerns.Light microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations provide sufficient information on the characteristic attachment structure.Histochemical,cytochemical and immunocytochemical methods unravel the sorts and the molecular compositions of the secreted adhesive fluid.This review provides a general overview of the whole research history and the latest progress in this field.The authors elaborate the adhesive tendrils of Parthenocissus from macroscopic morphology,through microscopic structure,secreted adhesive fluid,adhesive force and adhesion mechanism to bionic exploration and application.
The cycling performance, impedance variation, and cathode surface evolution of the Li/LiCoO2 cell using Li FSI–KFSI molten salt electrolyte are reported. It is found that this battery shows poor cycling performance, with capacity retention of only about 67% after 20 cycles. It is essential to understand the origin of the instability. It is noticed that the polarization voltage and the impedance of the cell both increase slowly upon cycling. The structure and the properties of the pristine and the cycled LiCoO2 cathodes are investigated by x-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Raman spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). It is found that the LiCoO2 particles are corroded by this molten salt electrolyte, and the decomposition by-product covers the surface of the LiCoO2 cathode after 20 cycles. Therefore, the surface side reaction explains the instability of the molten salt electrolyte with LiCoO2.
