The velocity slip of gas flow in a micron channel has been widely recognized.For pressure driven liquid flow in a macro pipe,theminute velocity slip at the wall boundary is usually neglected.With a decreasing scale in the cross section of the flow passage,the effect of velocity slip on flow and heat transfer behaviors becomes progressively more noticeable.Based on the three Hamaker homogeneous material hypotheses,the method for calculating the acting force between the solid and liquid molecular groups is established.By analyzing the forces exerted on the liquid group near the pipe wall,it is found that the active force arising from the rough solid wall can provide the component force to resist the shearing force and keep the liquid group immobile.Based on this a velocity slip criterion is proposed.Considering the force balance of a slipping liquid group,the frictional force caused by the solid wall can be obtained and then the velocity of the liquid group can be calculated using the derived coefficient of friction.The investigation reveals that,in a micron pipe,a small velocity slip may occur when the flow pressure gradient is relatively large,and will cause errors in the pipe flow estimates.
The thin fluid film was assumed to consist of a number of spherical fluid molecular groups and the attractive forces of molecular group pairs were calculated by the derived equation according to the three Hamaker homogeneous material hypotheses. Regarding each molecular group as a dynamics individual, the simulation method for the shearing motion of multilayer fluid molecular groups, which was initiated by two moving walls, was proposed based on the Verlet velocity iterative algorithm. The simulations reveal that the velocities of fluid molecular groups change about their respective mean velocities within a narrow range in steady state. It is also found that the velocity slips occur at the wall boundary and in a certain number of fluid film layers close to the wall. Because the dimension of molecular group and the number of group layers are not restricted, the hypothetical thickness of fluid film model can be enlarged from nanometer to micron by using the proposed simulation method.
ZHOU JianFeng, SHAO ChunLei & GU BoQin College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, China
