This study aimed to investigate the influence of pH,heat and enzymatic treatments on the activity of antibacterial substance in MRS,skim soy milk and bovine milk media fermented by a potential probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum F6.The antibacterial activity of the culture supernatant of L.fermentum F6 was tested against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Listeria monocytogenes,Salmonella typhimurium,and Shigella flexneri.Different antibacterial activities were detected in MRS and milk but not in soy milk.We presumed that three kinds of probable components including organic acids,heat-stable and heat-labile proteinaceous compounds were involved in antibacterial activity of fermented MRS and milk.The influence of acids on antibacterial activity was pH-dependent and this effect multiplied with thermal treatments seemed complex.Data analyses showed various significant differences of antibacterial activity among five pathogens were observed in pH and heat treatments.The untreated fermented milk showed higher inhibitory activity to Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria (P < 0.05),indicating antibacterial substances of fermented milk are greatly different from fermented MRS.An accurate stimulated gastrointestinal transit showed antibacterial substances would have no influence on intestinal flora.Acidic range of antibacterial substances from pH 2.0 to 6.0 can be potentially used as food biopreservatives and alternative therapeutics.
【目的】通过研究云南白族成年人肠道菌群群落结构,探索肠道菌群结构与云南白族人健康长寿的相互关系。【方法】以43份采自云南省昆明市(Urban)和大理白族自治州洱源县农村(Rural)成年白族志愿者的粪便样品为研究对象,通过种属特异性聚合酶链式反应(定性PCR)和基于聚合酶链式反应的变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)对其中的优势菌群进行了分析,并测定样品中短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)含量。【结果】短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)含量测定结果显示,Rural和Urban志愿者的短链脂肪酸含量差异不显著;定性PCR结果显示Rural志愿者肠道内的乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属的多样性明显区别于Urban志愿者;依据泳道轨迹光密度的不同对16S r RNA基因V3区PCR-DGGE图谱进行基于非加权平均距离聚类分析(Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means,UPGMA),显示两组样品按照组别明显地聚为两簇,多样性指数分析也呈现Rural志愿者肠道菌群多样性大于Urban的趋势;进一步对Rural谱带回收克隆测序,并构建系统发育树图,结果显示样品中双歧杆菌属、肠杆菌属和肠球菌属具有较高的多样性,是Rural健康成年志愿者肠道中的优势菌群。【结论】综合上述分析,昆明城市志愿者和大理白族自治州洱源县农村志愿者肠道菌群群落结构呈现区分趋势,多样性差异不显著。该研究为后续探索宿主肠道菌群与健康长寿的相互关系提供了数据基础。
