MtDNA was successfully extracted from 31 ancient individual bones at the tombs of Turfan basin and Lubunouer. Through four overlapping primers, we got 30 nucleotide sequences of 363 bp length. Intermediate nucleotide diversity, and genetic distances, as well as mean pairwise variance, are compatible with ancient Turfan mtDNA pool being an admixture of eastern Asian and European lineages. Such phenomenon shows that prior to the time of ancient Turfan, an ancient mingling of Euro-Asian population in Turfan basin had existed. The ancient Luobunuoer was the relic of Xinjiang that was found in the earliest time and at the farthest orient. The mtDNA sequences of ancient Luobunuoer are consisted by European lineage completely, no trace of mixture with Asian lineage. From nucleotide diversity, and genetic distances and mean pairwise variance, it has close relationship with European populations.
