目的:探索以阳性症状为主的精神分裂症患者与健康人群肠道菌群的差异,拟揭示与阳性精神症状有关的肠道菌群特征。方法:本研究共纳入了20例阳性症状为主的精神分裂症患者和21名人口学特征相匹配的健康人群。使用16SrRNA技术检测并分析两组被试者肠道菌群特征的差异;使用阳性与阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale, PANSS)评估患者的精神症状,并分析其与肠道菌群特征的相关性。结果:两组间肠道菌群的α-多样性没有统计学差异(p > 0.05);β-多样性显示研究组肠道菌群聚类比对照组更紧密,差异有统计学意义(p r = −0.492, p = 0.027)与PANSS阳性因子得分呈正相关、梭杆菌目(r = −0.514, p = 0.02)和梭杆菌科(r = −0.499, p = 0.025)与PANSS阳性因子得分呈负相关。结论:阳性症状为主的精神分裂症患者肠道菌群的多样性和丰度与健康人群存在差异;嗜冷菌属、梭杆菌科和梭杆菌目丰度水平与阳性精神症状相关。Objective: To explore the differences in intestinal microbiota between patients with schizophrenia with positive symptoms and healthy people, and to reveal the characteristics of intestinal microbiota related to positive mental symptoms. Methods: A total of 20 patients with schizophrenia with predominantly positive symptoms and 21 healthy people with matched demographic characteristics were included in this study. 16SrRNA technology was used to detect and compare the differences in the composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota between the two groups. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) was used to assess the psychiatric symptoms and analyze their correlation with gut microbiota characteristics. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the α-diversity of intestinal microbiota between the two groups (p > 0.05). β-diversity showed that the intestinal flora in the study group was more closely clustered than that in the control group, and
