Based on the analysis of the pollen samples from the Xiachuan site, the present paper makes a preliminary reconstruction of the palaeoclimatic and palaeoecological environments at the site.The climate-zone features of the Xiachuan pollen suggest that the site underwent six climatic changesfrom 36,000 to 12,000 BP. In this temporal scope, the early phase of the main Xiachuan cultural remains, lasting from 23,000 to 13,000 BP, corresponded just to the flourishing stage of the last glaciation, when the growth of trees at Xiachuan must have been concerned with the existence of mountain basins in this area; from 13,000 to 12, 000 aBP, i.e. in the period of the late Xiachuan cultural remainscorresponding to the Fen zhuang interstadial, there was the rise of the summer monsoon and a little going up of the temperature.
