After World War Ⅱ,there were two opposing viewpoints on how to establish the world order. The United States continued to advocate the "Open Door"principle while the Soviet Union adhered to the "Sphere of Influence" principle. The Cold War arose from the irreconcilable antagonism between the two principles. Though it occurred between the U.S. and the USSR after World War Ⅱ,this antagonism could be traced back to the rivalry of US-Russian, US-Japan,US-Britain over the Far East since the beginning of the 20 th century. The "Open Door"was the diplomatic strictly followed by the US, and it was also the American national characteristics, thinking tradition and life style for a long time. Because of the balane of power in the international reality, the US could not achieve its ambition for establishing an opened world Pax Americana. Thus, it had to give up its original intention of opening the global market, began to recognize the existence of"influence sphere", and began to put itself into the vie with the USSR for sphere of influence. By the 1950s, the American government began to change its "Open Door" policy to Containment policy.
