山西太原西山煤田太原组7号煤层煤核中一种科达植物根部化石——太原无髓根(新种)Amyelon taiyuanense Wang et Tian,sp.nov.,它有别于无髓根属其它的已知种,其主要特征是:a.内部皮层具板状厚角组织并通气组织化;b.具外皮层,其细胞的径向壁发育,有栓质化加厚带;c.皮层可以较长时期留存。它与现代一些红树植物如红树属 Rhizophora、白骨壤属 Avicennia、柱果木属 Conocarpus 等根的皮层中的通气组织非常相似。而这些红树植物均生活于海边的咸水或半咸水沼泽中。因此,本属种所代表的科达值物的生活环境可能也是滨海咸水或半咸水泥炭沼泽。沉积环境分析的结果证明上述推断是正确的。
Three kinds of anatomically_preserved lepidodendralean leaves from Permian coal balls of China were studied. They all have double xylem strands, which is consistent with the genus Sigillariopsis Scott. Compared with the species of Sigillariopsis , they are considered as three new species: S. shanxiensis sp. nov. and S. taiyuanensis sp. nov. from Coal Seam 7 in the upper part of the Taiyuan Formation (lower Lower Permian), Xishan Coal Field, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province and S. guizhouensis sp. nov. from Coal Seam 1 in the Wangjiazhai Formation (upper Upper Permian), Shuicheng Coal Mining District, Guizhou Province. Based on the associated organs of lepidodendraleans other than leaves and the information of the Euramerican lepidodendraleans, the affinities of the three new species of Sigillariopsis are discussed and they are probably leaves of Sigillaria Brongniart. In Euramerican Flora, Sigillaria (including its leaves Sigillariopsis ) mainly lived in the Carboniferous period and in the Cathaysian Flora they lived in the Upper Carboniferous to upper Upper Permian periods in rare localities. The leaves and fertile organs of Sigillaria have not been reported from the Cathaysian Flora to date. Three new species of the Permian anatomically_preserved leaves of Sigillaria not only increase the diversity of the Cathaysian sigillarian but also bear important significance on the evolution of sigillarian plants and the relationship of the Cathaysian and Euramerican lepidodendraleans.
