[Objective]In order to get acquainted with the history and situation of agricultural production in Guizhou Province and find out the differences.[Method]The planting area,production and the yield per unit area of rice,wheat,maize,potato,soybean,rape and tobacco in Guizhou Province from 1949 to 2008 were reviewed to discuss initially on some issues of agricultural production in Guizhou Province.[Result]Planting area and production of rice,wheat and maize were reduced in recent years,the yield per unit area of the main crops were in low level,the area of cultivated land declined year by year with poor quality,the population grew excessively,annual average net income of peasants were low,and the water resources in rural area were low in utilization.[Conclusion]The research provided reference and consult for solving problems of agriculture,rural areas and farmers.
[Objective] This study was to explore the mutagenic effect of 60Co γ-ray on Solanum tuberosum chromosomes.[Method] The 60Co γ-ray at different irradiation doses was applied to treat the minitubers of potato variety ＇Favorita＇,and the genomic mutations in VM1 and VM2 gene rations in treatments with different doses were analyzed by SRAP markers.[Resalt] Thirty pairs of SRAP primers out of 88 pairs exhibited polymorphism with a rate of 34.1％ in the bulked selection of VM1 generation.A total of 225 bands were obtained,of which 64 were polymorphic with a rate of 28.4％.The polymorphism was reflected in the forms of deleted bands and added bands.Based on the result of the bulked selection of VM1 generation,25 primers with polymorphism were selected to scan VM2 generation.Five primers performed poorly,and nine of the rest 20 pairs revealed polymorphism and obtained nine polymorphic bands,of which only four bands were detected in VM1 generation and the other five ones were newly deleted bands.Only 9.8％ of the bands detected in VM1 generation were obtained in VM2 generation.Eventually,nine stable and dear polymorphic bands were recovered and cloned,and DNA sequences of six bands of them were acquired by sequencing.According to the comparative analysis,five fragments sequences were similar to potato chromosome with a similarity rate of 77％-89％,three of them located at the resistance gene cluster; another one fragment had a similarity of 93％ with some regions of the No.5 chromosome in tomato.[Conclusion] 60Co γ-ray irradiation can cause mutation of genomic DNA in potato;there is no significant correlation between the number of polymorphic bands and the irradiation dose; potymorphic bands are characterized by a larger number of deleted bands than that of the added ones.
