BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a highly malignant cancer,characterized by frequent mucin overexpression.MUC1 has been identified as a critical oncogene in the progression of CCA.However,the comprehensive understanding of how the mucin family influences CCA progression and prognosis is still incomplete.AIM To investigate the functions of mucins on the progression of CCA and to establish a risk evaluation formula for stratifying CCA patients.METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing data from 14 CCA samples were employed for elucidating the roles of mucins,complemented by bioinformatic analyses.Subse-quent validations were conducted through spatial transcriptomics and immuno-histochemistry.The construction of a risk evaluation model utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression algorithm,which was further confirmed by independent cohorts and diverse data types.RESULTS CCA tumor cells with elevated levels of MUC1 and MUC4 showed activated nucleotide metabolic pathways and increased invasiveness.MUC5AC-high cells were found to promote CCA progression through WNT signaling.MUC5B-high cells exhibited robust cellular oxidation activities,leading to resistance against antitumoral treatments.MUC13-high cells were observed to secret chemokines,recruiting and transforming macrophages into the M2-polarized state,thereby suppressing antitumor immunity.MUC16-high cells were found to promote tumor progression through interleukin-1/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signaling upon interaction with neutrophils.Utilizing the expression levels of these mucins,a risk factor evaluation formula for CCA was developed and validated across multiple cohorts.CCA samples with higher risk factors exhibited stronger metastatic potential,chemotherapy resistance,and poorer prognosis.CONCLUSION Our study elucidates the functional mechanisms through which mucins contribute to CCA development,and provides tools for risk stratification in CCA.
Chun-Yuan YangLi-Mei GuoYang LiGuang-Xi WangXiao-Wei TangQiu-Lu ZhangLing-Fu ZhangJian-Yuan Luo
Mucin genes are the main component of mucus. The sea anemone species, Aulactinia veratra (Phylum Cnidaria) contains different types of mucin genes. In the intertidal zone, A. veratra is found to be exposed to air during the low tide and produces large quantities of mucus as an external covering. The relation between low tide and mucus secretion is still unclear, and what is the role of mucin during arial exposure is not yet investigated. This study hypothesised that the mucin genes in A. veratra would have significantly high expression in response to aerial exposure. Therefore, the aim of current study was to examine and analyses the response of A. veratra mucins in response to an experiment involving three hours of aerial exposure. To achieve this, aim the RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were used to examine the expression profile of A. veratra mucin genes in response to aerial exposure. The generated results have shown that, Mucin4-like and mucin5B-like were up-regulated in response to the three hours of aerial exposure in A. veratra. This finding shows a significant role of mucin5B-like and mucin4-like genes in response to air stress at low tide. The data generated from this study could be used in conjunction with future mucin gene studies of sea anemones and other cnidarians to compare A. veratra mucin gene expression results across time, and to extend our understanding of mucin stress response in this phylum.
目的通过Meta分析探讨甲状腺癌组织中黏蛋白1(MUC1)表达的临床意义及其与各临床病理参数的相关性。方法检索维普、万方、中国知网、中国生物医学文献、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane中英文数据库中关于MUC1在甲状腺癌中表达及其意义的文献,以比值比(OR)和95%置信区间(95%CI)为效应指标,采用STATA 14软件进行Meta分析,并对发表偏倚及敏感性进行检验。结果共纳入13项病例对照研究,甲状腺癌病例组共1157例,非甲状腺癌对照组共509例。结果显示,甲状腺癌病例组MUC1表达明显高于非甲状腺癌对照组(OR=9.78,95%CI:7.49~12.78,P<0.001);伴有淋巴结转移的甲状腺癌组织中MUC1表达高于无淋巴结转移的甲状腺癌组织(OR=3.08,95%CI:1.37~6.92,P<0.05);TNM分期为Ⅲ~Ⅳ期的甲状腺癌组织中MUC1表达高于TNM分期为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期的甲状腺癌组织(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.22~2.90,P<0.05)。结论与非甲状腺癌对照组比较,甲状腺癌病例组MUC1呈高表达,且MUC1高表达与淋巴结转移、TNM分期密切相关。MUC1与甲状腺癌的发生和发展存在相关性,有望成为甲状腺癌分子研究领域的一项新靶标。