以结缕草(Z oy sia W illd.)杂交后代为材料,以Z014(马尼拉)、Z129(青岛结缕草)及Z077(“兰引3号”结缕草)为对照,以电解质外渗法和地下茎恢复性生长评价其抗寒性,分析抗寒性、枯萎期及青绿期的回归关系。结果表明:叶片电解质外渗率半致死温度(LT50)的变化范围为-5.78^-8.26℃,其中22-2、40-2和40-8的半致死温度均低于对照;叶片半致死温度由低到高,即抗寒性由强到弱依次为22-2>40-2>40-8>Z077>Z129>Z014>40-5>31-3>18-1>18-4>37-1>22-3;地下茎恢复生长试验结果表明,杂交后代在-6℃时全部致死,在-2℃处理后均可以恢复生长,恢复生长的百分率变异较大(14.7%~100%),其中31-3与40-2超过Z014与Z077,22-2超过Z077;供试材料间叶片和地下茎抗寒性的测定结果一致;回归分析结果表明,叶片的半致死温度、青绿期及枯萎期相关不显著。
评价密度、叶宽、触感、均一性、叶色、青绿期及锈病抗性七个指标,对结缕草(Z oy sia W illd.)属四个种所组成的14个杂交组合中52个杂交后代的坪用价值。结果表明:杂交后代坪用价值得到了明显的改良,共有27个后代的坪用价值综合得分高于双亲或双亲之一,另有25个后代在某一个或某几个性状超过双亲;坪用价值较高的优良杂交后代共有9份,分别为18-1、22-2、31-3、37-1、22-3、40-5、40-8、40-2和18-4,其中18-1表现最优,其坪用价值超过了马尼拉;其它杂交后代坪用价值亦超过了“兰引3号”结缕草。
Tramp-tolerance characters of C299 of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. and two hybrids ‘Tifdwarf’ and ‘Tifgreen’ of C. dactylon×C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy were evaluated under the light-tramp, medium-tramp and serious-tramp with a 75 kg tramper. The results indicated that tramp caused leaf blades of C299 narrower, color lighter and turf quality lower; but the turf height and internode length of C299 with different rolling intensity were not obviously different from that of ‘Tifgreen’. The turf quality of C299 under serious tramp is higher than that of ‘Tifgreen’ and ‘Tifdwarf’. C299 had stronger ability to recover in vertical direction than that of ‘Tifgreen’ and ‘Tifdwarf’ under the tramp. The results show that C299 has the high turf quality and tramp tolerance charater.
针对坪用质量、抗病虫性以及繁殖性能等性状,对有代表性的60份结缕草(Z oy sia spp.)加以评价。结果表明:不同性状变异系数排序为:繁殖性能(种子产量>生长速度)>抗病虫性(抗锈病>抗螨虫性)>坪用质量(旺盛生长季>缓慢生长季);快速生长季节(5-9月)草坪质量显著受锈病和种子产量的影响,而缓慢生长季节(10-4月)坪用质量受锈病和种子产量的影响不显著;而结缕草种子产量与其生长速度呈显著负相关;Z039、Z091以及Z016等9份种源是种子繁殖型优良选系,而Z097、Z002、Z036等10份种源是营养繁殖型优良选系。
